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Past simple regular

We often add -ed to verbs (regular verbs) to make the past simple.

• We often watch a film on Saturday. ⇒ We watched a film last Saturday.
• I live in Barcelona. ⇒ I lived in Barcelona in the 90s.

Spelling of regular verbs

When do we double the consonant?

We double the consonant when the verb ends in consonant + vowel + consonant. This is always true when the verb is one syllable.

• stop ⇒ stopped, plan ⇒ planned, shop ⇒ shopped, rob ⇒ robbed.

When the verb is two syllables, we only double the consonant when the STRESS is in the last syllable.

• reFER ⇒ referred, preFER ⇒ preferred, reGRET ⇒ regretted

But we do NOT double the consonant when the STRESS is NOT in the last syllable.

• VIsit ⇒ visited, ANswer ⇒ answered.

Past simple irregular

Irregular verbs don’t add -ed to make the past simple. Some very common irregular verbs are:

Past simple – use

Past finished actions or states

We can use the past simple to talk about past finished actions or states. We know and we often mention when these actions happened with a past time expression: yesterday, yesterday morning, last night, last week, two days ago, five years ago, etc.

• Jessica called me last night.
• Rachel was a very good writer. 

Past repeated actions

We can use the past simple to talk about habits or repeated actions that happened in the past but don’t happen in the present. We often use adverbs or expressions of frequency (often, always, every day, etc.).

• When I was a child, I ate sweets every day. 
• In school, I always played football during break time.

Past simple negatives and questions

We use did and didn’t to make negatives, questions and short answers in past simple.

Word order in questions

Remember that the word order in questions is QWASI: (Question Word), Auxiliary (did), Subject, Infinitive.

Infinitive without to

We use did or didn’t with the bare infinitive of the main verb (= infinitive without to).

• I didn’t work yesterday. 
• I didn’t didn’t worked yesterday. 
• Did you go to the concert? 
• Did you went to the concert? 

Don’t use did in positive sentences

We use did or didn’t in negatives, questions and short answers, but NOT in positive sentences.

• We stayed home yesterday. 
• We did stay home yesterday. 
• I went out last night. 
• I did go out last night. 

Did or was/were?

We use did and didn’t (NOT was/wasn’t or were/weren’t) as the auxiliary verb in negatives and questions in past simple.

• We didn’t eat at 6. 
• We weren’t eat at 6. 
• Did you do your homework? 
• Were you do your homework? 

We do NOT use did or didn’t in past simple negatives or questions when the main verb is be.

• They weren’t happy. 
• They didn’t be happy. 
• Was he at home? 
• Did he be at home? 

Types of movies and TV shows

Movies

1 A comedy is a film or TV show that is intended to be funny.

• The comedy was so funny that we couldn’t stop laughing.

2 An action film is a fast-paced movie that has a lot of fighting and exciting scenes.

• I don’t enjoy action films; I find them too violent.

3 A rom-com is a romantic comedy where the main characters usually fall in love.

• At the end of the rom-com, the two main characters got married.

4 An adventure film is a movie about exciting journeys, trips, or voyages.

• We watched a great adventure film about a man walking to the South Pole.

5 A musical is a movie where part of the story is told by characters singing or through music.

• I love watching musicals and singing along to the songs.

6 A drama is a serious film that focuses on human emotions.

• Although I enjoyed the drama, I found it a bit depressing.

7 A horror film is a frightening movie that is intended to scare its audience.

• After watching the scary horror film, I was afraid to turn off the light.

8 A fantasy film is a movie with magical events, creatures, or places that are not real.

• My sister enjoys fantasy films, while I enjoy movies that are more realistic.

9 A sci-fi film is about futuristic ideas or technology.

• I watched an excellent sci-fi film set in space in the year 4099.

10 A thriller is a film that is exciting and full of suspense.

• The thriller was so exciting that I couldn’t take my eyes off the screen.

11 A western is a cowboy movie set in the mid-west USA in the nineteenth century.

• When I was a kid I loved cowboys, so I watched a lot of westerns.

12 A family film is a movie that is suitable for all ages, often with content that is enjoyable for both children and adults.

• We watched a fun family film last night that everyone enjoyed, from the kids to the grandparents.

TV Shows

1 A TV series is a show made up of many episodes that are shown regularly on TV, like every week.

• It’s one of my favourite TV series; I’ve seen every episode at least three times.

2 A sitcom is a programme that features a regular group of characters in various amusing situations.

• We watched a funny new sitcom on Saturday night.

3 A soap opera is a long-running daytime television series focusing on the lives and problems of a particular group of people.

• I’ve been watching the same soap opera every afternoon since I was a child.

4 A chat show is a show in which a host talks to different celebrity guests.

• One of the guests on the chat show was the actor from the film we saw yesterday.

5 A game show is a show in which people play games to win money.

• I saw a new game show where the guests have to answer mathematical problems.

6 A reality show focuses on ordinary people in everyday situations.

• There aren’t any actors in reality shows, they’re just normal people playing themselves.

7 A talent show is a show in which ordinary people compete by singing, dancing, or other forms of entertainment.

• The winner of the talent show had a beautiful singing voice.

8 A cookery show is a show in which cooks demonstrate how to prepare recipes.

• I watched a popular cookery show featuring a well-known Chinese chef.

9 A cartoon is a show featuring animated characters instead of people.

• I’m interested in animation, so I still watch a lot of cartoons.

10 A documentary gives factual information about a certain person, event, or topic.

• We watched a fascinating documentary about the sinking of the Titanic.

11 A wildlife show is a factual show focusing on animals and nature.

• I watched a great wildlife show on sharks last weekend.

12 A sports show is a show covering sports news and events.

• The host of the sports show was discussing the match with the team’s coach.